Class IX - Social Science
SA I
Time - 3 hrs Max. Marks - 90
General Instructions
The Question Paper has 31 Questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
Questions for serial number 1-10 are Multiple Choice Questions. Each Questions carries 1 marks
Questions for serial number 11-22 are 3 marks each questions. Answer of these questions should exceed 80 words each.
Questions for serial number 23-30 are 5 marks each questions. Answer of these questions should exceed 120 words each.
Question number 31 is a Map question of 4 marks from Geography. After completions, attach the map inside your answer book.
SECTION A
1. Which of these provisions were passed by the Assembly on the night of 4 August, 1789?
(a) Abolition of feudal system of obligations
(b) Clergy had to give up its privileges
(c) Tithes were abolished
(d) All the above
Ans. (d)
2. Which of the statements given about the Socialist Revolutionary Party is not true?
(a) The Socialist Revolutionary Party was formed by socialists active in the countryside
(b) They struggled for peasants' rights and demanded that land from nobles be transferred to them
(c) They were one united group fighting for their rights
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans. (c)
Or
Why did Helmuth's father kill himself in the spring of 1945?
(a) He was depressed by Germany's defeat in Second World War
(b) He feared that common people would mishandle him and his family
(c) He feared revenge by the Allied Powers
(d) He wanted to die because of the crimes he had committed during Nazi rule
Ans. (c)
3. Both the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India's mainland is about 30°. But on looking at the map of India which of the following alternatives do you observe about India's size? (a) East-west extent appears to be smaller than north-south extent
(b) East-west extent appears to be larger than north-south extent
(c) East-west and north-south extent appears equal
(d) North-south extent appears to be smaller than east-west extent
Ans. (a)
4. The northward drift of the Indo-Australian plate resulted in its collision with the much larger Eurasian plate. Which of the following was the result of this collision?
(a) The Gondwanaland split into a number of plates. (b) The continents of Europe and Asia were formed.
(c) Sedimentary rocks accumulated in the Tethys geosyncline were folded. (d) India and Australia were formed.
Ans. (c)
5. The Wainganga and the Penganga are tributaries of which of the following rivers?
(a) The Mahanadi (b) The Narmada (c) The Godavari (d) The Krishna
Ans. (c)
6. Name the five permanent members of the Security Council.
(a) US, Germany, France, China, Italy (b) US, Britain, Germany, Italy, France
(c) US, France, Switzerland, China, Russia (d) US, France, Britain, Russia, China
Ans. (d)
7. Why can the Chinese government not be called a democratic government even though elections are held there?
(a) Army participates in election
(b) Government is not accountable to the people
(c) Some parts of China are not represented at all
(d) Government is always formed by the Communist Party
Ans. (d)
8.
9. Scope of farming activity is limited in Palampur due to
(a) fixed amount of land (b) lack of irrigation
(c) lack of labour (d) none of the above
Ans. (a)
10. Choose the non-market activities
(i) Vilas sells fish in the village market (ii) Vilas cooks food for his family
(iii) Sakal works in a private firm (iv) Sakal looks after his younger brother and sister
(a) (i) & (ii) (b) (iii) & (iv) (c) (i) & (iii) (d) (ii) & (iv)
Ans. (d)
SECTION B
11. How was French Society organised? What privileges did certain sections of society enjoy?
Ans. French society in the eighteenth century was divided into three Estates-two privileged estates, i.e. the clergy and the nobility, and the Third Estate comprising businessmen, traders, lawyers, peasants, workers, poor people. Out of these, only the members of the Third Estate paid taxes. The maximum burden of taxes was borne by the common people, which gave rise to the
'subsistence crisis'. The growth of an enlightened, educated middle class plus the role of philosophers like Locke and Rousseau, together brought about the changes caused by the revolution.
12. Who were the sans culottes? Who were able to control them in the end?
Ans. A large among the Jacobins decided to start wearing long striped trousers similar to those worn by dock workers. To set themselves apart from the fashionable sections of the society, especially nobles, who wore knee breeches. It was a way of proclaiming the end of the power wielded by wearers of knee breeches. These Jacobins came to be known as the sans culottes, literally meaning 'those without knee breeches'.
After the fall of Jacobins, power was seized by the wealthier middle class.
13. Discuss the civil war that took place in Russia after the October Revolution and its consequences.
Ans. When the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution the Russian army began to break up. Non- Bolshevik socialists, liberals and supporters or autocracy condemned the Bolshevik uprising. They were supported by the French, American, British and Japanese troops. The Bolsheviks kept industries and banks nationalised during the civil war. A process of centralised planning was introduced. Rapid construction and industrialisation started. An extended schooling system developed. Stalin introduced collectivisation of the farms so that no shortage of grain should occur. The Bolsheviks controlled most of the farmer of Russian Empire.
Or
What responsibilities did the Nazi state impose on women.
Ans. According to Hitler's ideology, women were radically different from men. The democratic idea
of equal rights for men and women was wrong and would destroy society.
While boys were taught to be aggressive, masculine and steel-hearted, girls were told that they had to become good mothers and rear pure blooded Aryan children.
Girls had to maintain the purity of the race, distance themselves from Jews, look after the home and teach their children Nazi values. They had to be the bearers of the Aryan culture and race. Hitler said, ''In my state the mother is the most important citizen.'' But in Nazi Germany all
mothers were not treated equally.
14. How have mountain passes been helpful to India since historic times?
Ans. The various mountain passes across the Himalayan range and other mountains in the north have provided passages to travellers since ancient time. The land routes via mountain passes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and commodities since historic times. The ideas of Upanishads and the Ramayana, the stories of Panchtantra, the Indian numerals and the decimal system could thus reach many parts of the world. The spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries. On the other hand, the architectural styles of dome and minarets from West Asia and influence of Greek sculpture, which can be seen in different parts of India, came from other countries to India.
15. Name any three divisions of Himalayas on the basis of regions from West to East and also write one main feature of each.
Ans. The Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from west to east. These divisions
have been demarcated by river valleys.
(i) The part of Himalayas lying between Indus and Sutlej has been traditionally known as Punjab Himalayas. It is also regionally known as Kashmir Himachal Himalaya from west to east respectively.
(ii) The part of Himalayas lying between Sutlej and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon
Himalayas.
(iii) The Kali and Tista rivers demarcate the Nepal Himalayas and the part lying between Tista and Dihang rivers is known as Assam Himalayas.
16. What is a lake? How are lakes formed?
Ans. A lake is an area of water surrounded by land on all sides.
(i) There are lakes which are formed as a result of action of glaciers and ice sheets, while the others have been formed by wind, river action, and human activities.
(ii) Some lakes are formed as a result of the tectonic activity. For example, Wular Lake in
Jammu and Kashmir.
(iii) The damming of rivers for the generation of hydel power has also led to the formation of lakes.
17. Who was Lech Walesa? How did he become famous in Poland?
Ans. Lech Walesa was a former electrician of the Lenin Shipyard. He joined and then led the striking workers. He signed a 21 point agreement with the government that ended the strike.
A new trade union called Solidarity was formed.
General Jaruzeleski imposed martial law. Another wave of strike follwed in April 1989. Free election were held. Solidarity won 99 out of 100 seats. Walesa was elected President of Poland.
18. Explain any three diferences between democratic country and non-democratic country?
Ans. In a Democratic country-
(i) Each adult citizen has a vote; (ii) Each vote has one value; and (iii) Free and fair elections are held.
In a non-democratic country - (i) Election do not offer a choice and fair opportunity; (ii) Rulers are not elected by the people; and (ii) The rulers have unlimited power.
19. Regarding the constitution-making, what was the compromise reached at between the blacks and whites?
Ans. The constitution of South Africa was drawn together by the party of whites which had rules
through oppression and the party that led the freedom struggle. The constitution gave to its citizens the most extensive rights available in any country. After long negotiations both parties agreed to a compromise. The whites agreed to the principle of majority rule and that of one person one vote. They also agreed to accept some basic rights for the poor and the workers. The blacks agreed that the majority rule would not be absolute. They agreed that the majority would not take away the property of the white minority.
20. Describe how the Constituent Assembly worked to prepare the constitution for India. Ans. The Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner. First some
basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Then a Drafting Committee chaired by Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar prepared a draft constitution for discussion. Several rounds of thorough discussion took place, clause by clause. More than 2000 amendments were made. The members
deliberated for 114 days spread over 3 years. Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly was recorded and preserved. These are called 'Constituent Assembly Debates'.
21.What is the basic aim of production. What are the essential four requirements for production?
Ans. Basic aim of production was to produce goods and services that we want. Four requirements
for production of goods and services were :
(i) Land and other natural resources like water, forests, minerals
(ii) Labour, i.e. people who would do the work. Each worker is providing the labour necessary for production.
(iii) Third requirement is physical capital, i.e. variety of inputs required at every stage during production
(iv) Fourth requirement is knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital and produce an output.
22. 'Unemployment is an economic as well as a social evil.' Explain the statement.
Ans. Unemployment - A Serious Problem
Today, unemployment is considered one of the most threatening problems before the country. The society is deprived of the goods and services that the unemployed people could have produced. Unemployment among the educated persons is more serious. This is due to investments made in them.
Unemployment is not only an economic evil, it is a social problem too. Unemployment spreads social unrest and tension as unemployed people are a frustrated class of the society.
23. Write a short note on sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
Ans. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan' is a significant step towards providing elementary education to all the children of the age group 6-14 years by the year 2010. It is a time bound initiative of central government, in partnership with the states, the local government and the community for achieving the goal of universalisation of elementary education. They also took an initiative to increase the enrollment of students in elementary education by introducing the schemes like mid-day meal.
SECTION C
23. Who were the Jacobins? What was their contribution to the French Revolution?
Ans. Political clubs had become rallying point for people who wanted to discuss government
policies and plan their own forms of action. The most successful of these clubs was that of the Jacobins. They got their name from the former convent of St. Jacob in Paris. They belonged to the less prosperous sections of the society. They included small shopkeepers, artisans such as shoemakers, pastry cooks, watch-makers, printers, as well as servants and daily wage earners. Their leader was Maximilian Robespierre. A large group among the Jacobin decided to wear long striped trousers similar to those worn by dock workers. This was to set themselves apart from the fashionable sections of society especially the nobles who wore knee breeches. It was a way of proclaiming the end of the power wielded by the wearers of knee breeches. These Jacobins came to be known as sans-culottes, literally meaning 'those without knee breeches'. San-culottes men wore in addition the red cap that symbolised liberty. Women, however, were not allowed to do so.
In the summer of 1792, they planned an insurrection of a large number of Parisians who were angered by the short supplies and high prices of food. On August 10, they stormed the Palace of the Tuileries, massacred the king's guards and imprisoned the king. Elections were now held. The newly elected assembly was called the Convention. On 21st September, 1792 it abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic.
Louis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on the charge of treason and executed on 21st
January, 1793. The queen also met with the same fate.
24. What was Collectivisation? How did stalin use this programme?
Ans. Stalin felt that collectivisation would definitely solve the problem of shortage. From 1929 the Party forced the peasants to cultivate in collective farms (Kolkhoz). The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on the land and the Kolkhoz profit was shared. Enraged peasants resisted the authorities and destroyed their livestock. Between 1929 and 1931 the number of cattle fell by 1/3. Those who resisted collectivisation were severely punished. Many were exiled and deported. The peasants argued that they were not rich and were not against socialism but they opposed collectivisation for a variety of reasons. Some independent cultivation was allowed by Stalin's government but such cultivators were treated unsympathetically. In spite of all these measures production did not increase immediately.
Or
Explain Nazi ideologies regarding the Jews.
Ans. Once in power, the Nazis quickly began to implement their dream of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were seen as
''undesirable'' in the extended empire were mentally or physically unfit Germans, Gypsies, blacks, Russians, Poles.
But Jews remained the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany. They were stereotyped as 'killers of
Christ and usurers'.
Until medieval times, Jews were barred from owning land. They survived mainly through trade and moneylending. They lived in separately marked areas called 'ghettos'. They were often persecuted through periodic organised violence and expulsion from land. All this had a precursor in the traditional Christian hostility towards Jews for being the killers of Christ.
However, Hitler's hatred of the Jews was based on pseudo-scientific theories of race, which held that conversion was no solution to 'the Jewish problem'. It could be solved only through their total elimination.
From 1933 to 1938, the Nazis terrorised, pauperised and segregated the Jews, compelling them to leave the country. The next phase of 1939-1945 aimed at concentrating them in certain areas and eventually killing them in gas chambers in Poland.
Under the shadow of war, the Nazis proceeded to realise their murderous, racial ideal. Genocide and war became two sides of the same coin.
25. Describe the important features of the Peninsular Plateau.
Ans. The Peninsular Plateau of India lies to the south of the Northern Plains and extends up to the tip of the Indian peninsula. The Peninsular Plateau is a tableland with gently rising rounded hills and broad, shallow valleys. It is roughly triangular in shape. It is the oldest and the most stable landmass of India. The plateau is formed of old crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks. The Peninsular Plateau consists of two broad divisions - the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau. The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to the north of the Narmada river is known as Central Highlands. It comprises of Malwa Plateau, Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand plateaus, the Vindhya Range and extends as Chhota Nagpur Plateau. The Aravalis are highly denuded old hills that lie on the western and northwestern margins of the Peninsular Plateau.
The part of the Peninsular Plateau lying to the south of river Narmada is known as Deccan Plateau. It is a triangular landmass with broad base in the north and tapers southward. It is formed due to lava flows, so a greater part of it is composed of basaltic rocks of volcanic origin. It is flanked by the Satpura range in the north. The Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and Maikal range form its eastern extensions. The Deccan Plateau is flanked by the Western Ghats in the west and Eastern Ghats in the east. The Western Ghats have comparatively higher elevation of average 900 to 1600 metres. The Eastern Ghats have an average elevation of 600 metres. So the plateau is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards. The black soil area of the Deccan Plateau is known as Deccan Trap.
26. Write a note on the Indus Drainage System.
Ans. The Indus is one of the longest rivers of the world.
The river Indus rises in Tibet, near lake Mansarovar. Flowing west, it enters India in the Ladakh district of Jammu and Kashmir. A spectacular gorge formed by the Indus marks this part. Several tributaries - the Zaskar, the Nabra, the Shyok and the Hunza - join the Indus in the Kashmir region. The Indus flows through Baltistan and Gilgit and emerges from the mountains at Attock. The tributaries of the Indus - the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Satluj - flow partly through Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh and mainly through Punjab. They join together to enter the Indus near Mithankot in Pakistan.
The Indus then flows southwards and eventually reaches the Arabian Sea, east of Karachi. The Indus has a total length of 2900 km. The Indus plain has a very gentle slope. A little over one- third of the Indus basin lies in India in the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. Major part of its basin lies in Pakistan.
27. Prove with examples whether the International Organisations work in a democratic form or not.
Ans. General Assembly is like the Parliament of UN where all the discussions take place. In that sense, the UN would appear to be a very democratic organisation. But the General Assembly cannot take any decision about what action should be taken in a conflict between countries.
The Security Council has 15 members - 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members. This 15 member Security Council of the the UN takes crucial decisions. However, the real power is with the five permanent members; and they possess the veto power. So, Security Council doesn't help much in making the UN a democratic body.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) is one of the biggest moneylenders in the world. But its
173 member states do not have equal voting rights as the vote of each country is weighed by how much money it has contributed to the IMF. Nearly half of the voting power in the IMF is in the hands of only seven countries (US, Japan, France, UK, Saudi Arabia, China and Russia).
28. ''Democracy improve the quality of decision making.'' Explain.
Ans. Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts. In any society people are bound to have difference of opinions and interests. These differences are particularly sharp a country like ours which has an amazing social diversity. People belong to different regions
speak different languages, practise different religions and have different castes. Preferences of
a groups can clash with those of other groups. Democracy provides the only peaceful solution to this problem. In democracy no one is a permanent winner. No one a permanent loser. In a diverse country like India, democracy keeps our country together.
29. What were the main terms on which Savita got a loan from Tejpal Singh? How can
Savita be benefitted if she gets a loan from the bank?
Ans. Savita arranged money for capital from a big farmer - Tejpal Singh, who belongs to the same village.
Main terms decided to get loan of Rs 3000.
(a) Interest rate of 24%.
(b) Loan given for the period of 4 months.
(c) Extra work to be done by Savita on Tejpal Singh's field. (d) Tejpal Singh would give her Rs 35 per day as wages.
These conditions were very tough for a small farmer like Savita but these had to be agreed upon. If she could arrange money from cooperative society or bank she could repay the loan in easy instalments on reasonable interest rate of 16-18% and no need to put extra working hours on other's land.
30. What is an economic activity? What are various activities undertaken in the primary sector, secondary sector and tertiary sector?
Ans. Economic activities : All such activities which give us some income are called economic
activities. Pulling cycle-rickshaw, cleaning houses, selling vegetables and working in schools, factories, banks etc. are economic activities.
Activities undertaken in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary sectors :
(i) Primary Sector : Activities concerned with collecting or making available material provided by nature are included in primary sector like agriculture, poultry farming, mining, fishing etc.
(ii) Secondary Sector : The activities which are associated with transforming raw material or primary products into commodities useful to man such as manufacturing etc.
(iii) Tertiary Sector : The activities which are essential for running modern factories in a big way are termed as tertiary sector. Activities like trading, banking, health, education, insurance etc. are included in tertiary sector.
SECTION D
31. On an outline map of India mark and label the following
(i) Highest peak of Western Ghats
(ii) Northern Plains
(iii) A state bordering with Nepal
(iv) Southern most point of the mainland of India.
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