A. NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS
Questions Within The Lesson
Q.1. Find out why are the southern slopes in Himalayan
region covered with thick vegetation cover as compared to northern slopes of the same hills.
Ans. The northern slopes of the hills in Himalayan region
are at high altitude and have low temperature or are snow covered. This does not allow much
vegetation. In the southern part of the hills there are plains and valleys watered by rivers
and with fertile soil and pleasant temperature levels all required for dense growth of
vegetation.
Q.2. Find out why have the western slopes of the Western Ghats covered with thick forests and not the eastern slopes.
Ans. The westward facing slopes receive much more rain than
the eastward facing slopes and the Western Ghats are considerably wetter than the dry Deccan to the east.
Questions in the Exercise
Q.1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given
below :
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does
rubber belong to?
(a) Tundra (b) Himalayan (c) Tidal (d) Tropical Evergreen
Ans. Tropical Evergreen
(ii) Cinchona trees
are found in the areas of rainfall more than :
(a) 100 cm (b) 70 cm (c) 50 cm (d) Less than 50 cm
Ans. more than 100 cm
(iii) In which of the following states is the Simplipal
bioreserve located?
(a) Punjab (b) Delhi (c)
Orissa (d) West Bengal
Ans. Orissa
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not
included in the world network of bioreserve?
(a) Manas (b) Gulf of
Mannar (c) Sunderbans (d) Nanda Devi
Ans. Manas
Q.2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) Define an ecosystem.
Ans. An ecosystem comprises plants and animals existing
interdependently and inter-related to each other in their physical environment.
(ii) What factors are
responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
Ans. The distribution of plant and animal life in India is
determined by the following :
(a) Temperature along with humidity in the air,
precipitation and the nature of the soil.
(b) Variation in sunlight due to variations in latitude, height above sea
level, season and duration of the day in any specific region.
(c) Amount of rainfall.
(d) Soil conditions
(e) Relief — mountains, plateaus or plains.
(iii) What is a
bio-reserve? Give two examples.
Ans. Bio-reserves are intended to protect and conserve the
diverse flora and fauna found within the country. In these reserves every plant and animal species is
protected in its natural form. The first bio-reserve came up at the trijunction of the
state of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka in 1986. Two years later another bioreserve was set up at Nanda Devi.
(iv) Name two animals having habitat in different types of
vegetation.
Ans. Type of vegetation Plants Animals
Tropical Rainforests Rosewood,Ebony Elephants, Monkeys
Tropical Deciduous Forests Teak, Sal Lion, Tiger
Thorn Forests Palms,Acacia Rats, Rabbits
Temperate Forests Oak, Chestnut Yak, Wild sheep
Alpine and Tundra Vegetation Pines, Silver fir Snow Leopard,
Yak
Q.3. Distinguish between:
(i) Flora and Fauna
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous Forests
Ans. (i) Fauna refers to species of animals found in an
region. Flora denotes plants of a particular region.
(ii) Tropical evergreen forests abound in areas with
rainfall exceeding 200 cm in a year. Trees reach heights up to 60 m in these forests. The vegetation is
luxuriant. There is no definite time for the trees to shed leaves. A large number of species
exist together in such forests. Important trees are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and
cinchona. Deciduous forests are spread over the region where the rainfall ranges between
70-200 cm annually. In dry summer, the trees shed their leaves for six to eight weeks.
Commercially important wood is found in these forests. Important trees are teak, sal,
shisham. etc.
Q.4. Name different types of vegetation found in India and
describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Ans. The different types of vegetation found in India are:
Tropical rainforests, Tropical Deciduous forests, Thorn
forests, Temperate forests, Alpine and Tundra vegetation.
Alpine vegetation is found at places over 3,600 m in height.
The trees common to these are silver fir, junipers, pines and birches. The trees get stunted as they reach the snow line. There are
shrubs and scrubs that ultimately merge into Alpine grasslands. Tundra vegetation is limited
to lichens and mosses.
Q.5. Quite a few species of plants and animals are
endangered. Why?
Ans. The main reason for extinction of certain species of
plants is excessive commercialization. Plant species are endangered as more lands are being cleared
for factories, housing colonies and roads. Pollution of air, water and soil adds to the
danger to natural vegetation. Animal species are getting extinct due to hunting and poaching.
Commercial exploitation of forestlands has also reduced space for animal habitats.
Q.6. Why has India
a rich heritage of flora and fauna?
Ans. India
has a rich heritage of fauna and flora as geographically the country has a very
wide range of physical, climatic and soil conditions. Our tradition of
respecting all forms of life has also contributed to the preservation of plant and animal
species over the centuries.
Answers are good but they could've beet much better, what I mean to say is they they are not clear.
ReplyDeleteTo IX std student It's clear
DeleteTo IX std student It's clear
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