Decoded: Why birds form a V to fly

LONDON: Birds fly in a distinctive V formation to arrange themselves in "aerodynamically optimum positions" while precisely timing the flapping of their wings, scientists have found. Flying in a V formation helps each bird take advantage of "good air" (upwash) thrown up by the wings of the flyer in front while avoiding detrimental 'bad air' (downwash), according to researchers from the University of London's Royal Veterinary College . They found that birds also flap their wings at just the right time so as maximize an updraft and minimise a downdraft. These aerodynamic accomplishments were previously not thought possible for birds because of the complex flight dynamics and sensory feedback that would be required to perform such a feat, researchers said. "The distinctive V-formation of bird flocks has long intrigued researchers and continues to attract both scientific and popular attention, however adefinitive account of the aerodynamic implications of these formations has remained elusive until now," said Steven Portugal, lead researcher at the Royal Veterinary College. "The intricate mechanisms involved in V formation flight indicate remarkable awareness and ability of birds to respond to the wingpath of nearby flock-mates . "Birds in V formation seem to have developed complex phasing strategies to cope with the dynamic wakes produced by flapping wings," Portugal said. Researchers studied a free-flying flock of northern bald ibises as they flew alongside a microlight on their migration route from Austria to Italy